丘吉爾簡介英文1
Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (November 30, 1874 - January 24, 1965), British politician, historian, painter, speaker, writer, journalist , Was born in the aristocratic family, the father of Lord Randolph served as British Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born in 1874 in Oxford County, England, Woodstock. From 1940 to 1945 and 1951 to 1955 twice as the British Prime Minister, is considered one of the most important political leaders of the 20th century, leading the British people won the Second World War, is one of the "Yalta Conference Big Three" , After the war published "iron curtain speech", officially opened the prelude to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. He wrote the "unwanted war" won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Literature, with "Memoirs of the Second World War" 16 volumes, "English national history" 24 volumes and so on. Churchill is one of the most numerous people in the history of English words (more than 120,000), by the US magazine "character" as the world's most persuasive one hundred years the most one of the great speaker, has won the Nobel Peace Prize Nomination. From 1929 to 1965, for 36 consecutive years as the British University of Bristol. In 20xx, the BBC held a survey called "the greatest 100 British", the results of Churchill was elected as the greatest British ever.
丘吉爾簡介英文2
Early experience
November 30, 1874, Churchill was born in the United Kingdom Oxford County Woodstock town of Blenheim Palace. Churchill is a premature child, because his father Randolph Churchill is busy with politics and his mother and indulge in communication, Churchill youth rarely feel the care of their parents, only with his nanny forged a deep affection.
In 1881, 7-year-old Churchill was sent to a school of aristocratic school, Churchill is the school's most naughty, most greedy, one of the worst students, so often the teacher's corporal punishment, and later had to transfer to another School.
In 1888, Churchill entered the Eton public school after Harrow public school, but the results are still poor, although Churchill's poor academic performance, but he succeeded, the key depends on his overall quality, Lord Randolph decided After his son Churchill graduated he was sent to the Royal Military Academy of Sanghurst.
In August 1893, Churchill entered the school's cavalry professional study.
In 1895, Churchill politically unhappy father died.
In February 1929, Churchill graduated from the military academy, was assigned to the fourth hussars regiment lieutenant.
In October 1895, just as Lieutenant Colonel Churchill used the holidays and friends to go to Cuba to experience the Spanish and Cuban local people uprising war. Because of his father's relationship Churchill was fancy by the British intelligence department, he was responsible for collecting the Spanish army used by the bullet information. "Daily Chronicle" also hired him as an army reporter, published for the newspaper.
In November 1895, after the war, a Spanish Red Cross Medieval Churchill returned to England, Cuba trip to Churchill fell in love with writing and journalist life.
In 1896, Churchill moved to India with his troops, where he had time to read a lot of history, philosophical works. A year later, the northern Indian tribe broke out against the British armed uprising, after the news Churchill immediately invited the fake to "Calcutta Herald" and "Daily Telegraph" reporter interviewed the British military action, he was To the two newspapers issued on the basis of the manuscripts and then add their own collection of other information, write the first book "Mara Kande field army documentary."
1898 "Malakand Field Army Documentary" published in the UK, followed by the publication of the novel "Sa Piluo La", the British and Sudan war "river war."
In September 1899, Churchill, who had resigned from military service, traveled to South Africa as a "morning post" reporter to interview the British cloth war. On the way to the British soldiers on the way to become the South African prime minister of the end of the prisoners, Churchill Although the military journalists, but because of its weapons and to participate in the fighting, the Bulls refused to release him.
In December 1899, Churchill was extremely bold and succeeded in escaping alone, with the help of a local British citizen, fled to the British Consulate of Lorenzo-Marquis (now Maputo, Mozambique). In March 1900, Churchill, who had been fighting several times, finally returned to England, and Churchill, who was known throughout the country through the jailbreak, decided to seize the opportunity and enter politics.
Political career
In October 1900, Churchill, who represented the British Conservative Party, successfully elected a 61-year political career. But in Parliament, although he is a member of the Conservative Party, but criticized the Conservative government's many policies, criticized the government in the British cloth war policy, and insisted against the government's military expansion plan, in the success of the government's military proposal after the adoption of the House of Commons Churchill went to the opposite of the government on trade issues. He publicly expressed opposition to Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's policy of trade barriers and insisted on maintaining the principle of free trade, which made him break with the Conservative Party.
In 1904 he claimed to be an "independent Conservative", and eventually in 1905 January was the Conservative Party to cancel the membership.
In May 1905, he sat in the opposition party.
In 1906, the Liberal Party came to power and Churchill was appointed as the chief officer of the Colonial Affairs Department. The most important achievement in his term was to promote the autonomy of South Africa.
In 1908, Prime Minister Asquith came to power, Churchill was appointed Minister of Commerce, formally entered the cabinet, the office to promote the mandatory unemployment and disability insurance workers, and obstruct the Navy to increase the budget.
September 2, 1908, when the then Minister of the Church of the Churchill and the aristocratic but poor family Clementine Khao Zier married, about 1,400 people attended the wedding, the king also presented to the couple a carved A cane with the Malcolian family emblem.
In 1910 Churchill became Minister of the Interior, contributed to the reform of the prison, and was criticized for his unruly attitude in the face of the workers' parade. The most famous action took place in January 1911 Ordered the military to suppress the strike and parade activities that is famous "Sedna Street killings", when the police learned that a group of Eastern Europe anarchists robbed a jewelry store, Churchill personally arrived at the scene command to surround the action, mobilized the cannon, army , To suppress.
On October 25, 1911, Churchill exchanged positions with McKenna and transferred to the Navy Minister.
In January 1912, Churchill formally established the Combat Staff in the Navy.
In February 1912, Churchill published a speech at the Glasgow for the German Navy.
In July 1914, the outbreak of the First World War.
August 1, 1914, Churchill received "Germany has declared war on Russia," the telecommunications, issued their own naval mobilization order, the next day to get the cabinet to recover.
In January 1915, Churchill approved the Navy's plan to capture the Dardanell Strait, but in the end the Navy was unable to capture the strait, and paid a huge price, making the British at the beginning of the war advantage, Churchill became the Conservative violent attack Object.
In May 1915, Prime Minister Asquith, who decided to join the coalition with the Conservatives, was exempted from the post of Minister of the Churchill Navy and sent him to the Ministers who were the lowest in the Cabinet. Was chased out of the political circle of Churchill decided to resign, rushed to the French front to personally participate in the war.
In May 1916, Churchill dropped office of the Royal Scottish Mauser Group 6 battalion commander, and gave up the rank of lieutenant colonel, back to Parliament.
In September 1916, the Dardanell Strait War Investigation Committee was established, in January the following year the Committee issued a report for Churchill to regain the opportunity to rise in the political arena.
In July 1917, Liberal Party leader Lloyd George announced the appointment of Churchill as Minister of Quartermaster. Churchill promoted a number of new inventions that had far-reaching implications for future wars, including tanks, airplanes and chemical gases, in the rank of municipality. At the offer of Churchill, the UK quickly expanded the scale of the tank to promote the use of aircraft in the war.
In November 1918 the British held the first general election after World War I, after the election Churchill in the cabinet as the army minister and the army minister two positions. He began to adjust the British army, and advocated a positive intervention in the Russian civil war. Churchill was also known for his firm anti-communist position, with the only exception being in the Second World War.
In 1921, Churchill was transferred to the Minister of Colonial Affairs, part-time Air Force Minister, began negotiations with the Irish Sinn Fein, and ultimately allowed Ireland to become a leader of the British Empire.
In 1922 the election of the Liberal Party fiasco, Churchill himself also in their own constituency accidental defeat. The years of war have left the voters left, and the voters who had supported the Liberal Party had fallen heavily to the Labor Party.
Churchill was defeated again in the 1923 election, and the Labor Party won the first Labor government. Churchill realized that the Liberal Party's forces had begun to decline and that it was difficult to become political forces that could compete with the Conservatives in politics, and that he gradually alienated the Liberal Party and moved closer to the Conservatives.
In March 1924, Churchill was elected as an "independent antisocialist" and suggested that all other opposition parties, such as the Liberal Party, should move closer to the stronger Conservative Party. The final election results Churchill or 43 votes lost.
In the summer of 1924, the Labor Party was set up for nine months, and Churchill was elected to the Conservative Party on behalf of the Conservative Party and was appointed Minister of Finance by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin. But Churchill himself did not know anything about finance, and promoted the re-use of gold in the UK.
Churchill and the Ramsay Admiral to check the combat map (4 photos)
In 1926, the British Workers 'Union announced a national strike for miners' salary, and Churchill took a tough stance on the strike and suggested using machine guns to disperse the strike miners. Because the printing workers also joined the ranks of the strike, the newspaper could not be published, and Churchill ordered the government to issue a "British gazette" to publicize the government's policies.
In 1929, the British re-election, the election of Churchill himself although win over, but the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party in the nationwide defeat, Ramsey MacDonald's Labor government re-ruling. This is known as the "wild years" of the day is Churchill's political career in the lowest tide, he in the parliament in addition to criticizing the government's proposed autonomy program in India, and decided to negotiate with the Congress Party, most of the time for writing, including Has been in the serial of the "world crisis" and "my early life", there is a book about the father of the Duke of Marlborough biography.
In addition, he also visited the United States, visiting the United States and political leaders.
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