四級翻譯的練習題

2021-01-29 試題

　　四級翻譯（8.28）

　　1._______________(證據肯定早已被破壞了) completely before the police arrived.

　　2.Such practice of ________________(考試前熬夜學習)will not necessarily work for every student.

　　3.George arrived at the office ahead of time _______________(只為了給老板留下好印象).

　　4.The resolution that ___________(他調到總部)was approved by General Manager.

　　5.He didn't like this job _____________(盡管條件比之前的好).

　　答案解析:

　　1.The evidence must have already been destroyed

　　考查被動語態:“證據”是“被破壞”，需要用被動語態。情態動詞:must表示肯定的推測，且“證據被破壞”先于the police arrived發生，所以用情態動詞的完成時。“證據”的表達為evidence。

　　2.staying up studying before an examination

　　“熬夜”的表達為stay up,“熬夜學習”就是stay up studying。考查動名詞用法:空前出現的of是介詞，跟在其后的動詞詞組“熬夜學習”要變成動名詞的形式，修飾名詞practice。

　　3.only to make a good impression on his/the boss

　　“給…留下印象”譯作make an impression on…。“印象”之前的修飾語good在翻譯時不能遺漏。考查目的狀語:“只為了”的表達為only to，其結構為only to do sth.表示目的。

　　4.he (should)be transferred to headquarter

　　考查虛擬語氣:某些表示建議，請求，命令，主張以及“重要性”，“緊迫性”等概念的名詞充當主語時，其后的同位語從句需要用虛擬語氣。具體結構為（should）+動詞原形。這樣的名詞有:demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,proposal和resolution等。“調任”表達為transfer;“總部”表達為headquarter。考查被動語態:他是“被調任”，需要用被動語態。

　　5.though the condition was better than the previous one

　　考查讓步狀語從句:在句子中所以用though。考查比較級:“比…好” 用be better than。考查one的用法:句子前面已經提到了job,為了避免重復，用one代替。

　　四級翻譯（8.27）

　　1._____________________(盡管他已筋疲力盡)，he still kept on running.

　　2.Many people believe that international tourism _________________________(對經濟發展有積極作用).so local government should be encouraged to promote it.

　　3.On my way to the important interview,________________(他所做的就是祝我好運).

　　4.Due to the unexpected changes,______________(這個計劃需要修改).

　　5.________________(遇難者能否在災難中生還)depends on many uncertain factors.

　　答案解析:

　　1.Although/Though he was exhausted

　　考查讓步狀語從句:用Although或Though表示“雖然，盡管”的意思。“筋疲力盡”的表達為be exhausted。

　　2.plays an active role in economic growth/development // has positive effects on economic growth/development

　　“有作用”的表達常用play a role或have an effect on 結構。“積極的”常用active和positive，“發展”可用growth或development。

　　3.what he did was to wish me good luck//what he did was wishing me good luck

　　考查主語從句:用what引導主語從句。主語的表達:可用不定式或動名詞作表語。“祝好運”表達為wish sb good luck.

　　4.this plan has to be revised/modified

　　考查被動語態:“計劃”與“修改”是被動關系，用be done的被動結構。修改”的常用表達為revise或modify。

　　5.Whether the victims can survive the disaster

　　考查主語從句:所需翻譯的句子為該句的主語，“能否…”提示從句用Whether引導，注意在主語從句中只能用whether，不能用if。表示“存活，活下來，幸免于難”，用survive，后直接跟賓語，注意此處不能加介詞from。只有在表示習慣，習俗，禮儀等沿襲時才用survive from。

　　四級翻譯（8.26）

　　1. Many college graduates find it difficult to get an ideal job today _________________(即使他們有學士學位).

　　2._____________________(與你對公司的貢獻相比)，what I have done was unworthy of mentioning.

　　3.Some experts recommend that______________(不應太強調語法的重要性)at the early stage of children's language learning.

　　4.After supper she would sit down by the fire,_________________(有時長達一小時).

　　5.With a lot of assignments in hand,you __________________(不該出席昨晚的閉幕式).

　　答案解析:

　　1.even if/though they get Bachelor's degree

　　考查even if/though 引導的讓步狀語從句。學士學位的固定表達:Bachelor's degree。

　　2.Compared with your contribution to the company/In comparison with your contribution to the company

　　與…相比，可以翻譯為 Compared with或In comparison wih,對…的貢獻譯作contribution to。

　　3.importance shouldn't be attached to grammar too much

　　recommend表建議，其后面的賓語從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式為(should)+動詞原形。“強調…的重要性”表達為attach importance to。“語法”是強調的動作承受者，需要用被動結構。

　　4.sometimes for as long as an hour

　　（時間上）“長達”,用as long as 結構。表示時間段用介詞for。

　　5.shouldn't/oughtn't to have attend the closing ceremony last night

　　情態動詞+have+過去分詞結構表示對過去情況的猜測。待譯部分隱含“不該做但已經做了”的意味，用shouldn't/oughtn't to have + 過去分詞表示。閉幕式用the closing ceremony表達；出席:attend。

　　四級翻譯（8.25）

　　1. Althrough her life, this woman applies herself to___________(幫助她女兒康復).

　　2. It needs the whole team's efforts___________(按原計劃實施這項工程).

　　3.Last week in his class,Professor Lee said that _____________________________(月亮繞著地球轉).

　　4._____________________(每次他錯過火車),he would go to the nearby bar for beer.

　　5.She realized her dream of becoming a writer eventually ____________(在歷盡艱辛之后).

　　答案解析:

　　1.helping her daughter(to) recover.

　　"專心做某事“的固定搭配是apply oneself to, to是介詞，后面要跟名詞性成分，故用名詞或動名詞。“康復”的表達為recover(from)。"幫助某人做某事"的表達為help sb. (to) do sth或help sb. with sth. 。

　　2.to implement this project as planned

　　名詞性從句在表達客觀規律時，應用一般現在時，此時不要求與主句時態保持一致。“實施”的表達為implement, 也可用carry out.“按原定計劃"的表達是as planned.

　　3.the moon revolves the earth

　　名詞性從句在表達客觀規律時，應用一般現在時，此時不要求與主句時態保持一致。旋轉的表達為revolve。自然界獨一無二事物的名詞前面用定冠詞修飾，如the earth,the moon。

　　4.Every time he missed the train

　　一些表示時間的名詞詞組，如the moment,last time,next time,every time等可用來引導時間狀語從句。錯過的表達為miss。從句的動作先于主句，主句用了過去將來時，故從句用一般過去時。

　　5.after she went through many hardships

　　after引導的時間狀語從句。歷盡艱辛，用go through many hardships表達；也可以用endure many hardships。

　　四級翻譯（8.24）

　　1.Anything that goes against the interest of people ____________ (注定以失敗告終).

　　2. If he had not turned a deaf ear to the doctor, ________ (傷早就治愈了).

　　3. The popular artist said she____________________________(喜歡古典音樂勝過流行音樂).

　　4. The market share of DDF Company_______ (占了總市場份額的五分之二）in our country so far.

　　5. ____________ (據報道將實施新規定)by 2012.

　　答案解析:

　　1.is doomed/bound to end in failure.

　　"注定"的表達有doomed to和to be bound to, 句子的主語為anything, 定語從句的時態為一般現在時，故主句的系動詞be要用第三人稱單數形式，即is. 以失敗告終的'表達為end in failure.

　　2.the wound would have been cured/healed

　　if…had done表示對過去情況的虛擬，從句時態用過去完成時，主句應使用would have done的結構, "治愈"的表達為cure或者heal

　　考查被動語態: "傷"是"被治愈"，需用被動結構。

　　3.preferred classical music to popular songs

　　表示比較意義時不一定用比較級體現，還可以用固定搭配，如prefer…to…，be superior to等。"喜歡......勝過......"的表達為prefer…to…。

　　4.has accounted for two fifths of the total

　　"占"的表達為account for。"五分之二"是分數,分子在前用基數詞,分母在后用序數詞.分子超過1時,分母要用復數形式。

　　5.It is reported (that) new regulation will have been enforced

　　主語"規定"是動作"實施"的承受者，用被動語態。表示將來某一時間以前已經完成的動作時需用將來完成時態。當主語不明或不特別強調時，用it is reported(據報道), it is said(據說)等,后接不定式或從句。此題當中"實施新規定"是從句，故用It is reported (that)句型。

　　四級翻譯（8.21）

　　1.Anything that goes against the interest of people ____________ (注定以失敗告終).

　　2. If he had not turned a deaf ear to the doctor, ________ (傷早就治愈了).

　　3. The popular artist said she____________________________(喜歡古典音樂勝過流行音樂).

　　4. The market share of DDF Company_______ (占了總市場份額的五分之二）in our country so far.

　　5. ____________ (據報道將實施新規定)by 2012.

　　答案與解析：

　　1.is doomed/bound to end in failure.

　　"注定"的表達有doomed to和to be bound to, 句子的主語為anything, 定語從句的時態為一般現在時，故主句的系動詞be要用第三人稱單數形式，即is.以失敗告終的表達為end in failure.

　　2.the wound would have been cured/healed

　　if…had done表示對過去情況的虛擬，從句時態用過去完成時，主句應使用would have done的結構。"治愈"的表達為cure或者heal"傷"是"被治愈"，需用被動結構。

　　3.preferred classical music to popular songs