1. occasion n.時(shí)刻，時(shí)節(jié);大事;節(jié)日
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] (1)on no occasion位于句首時(shí)倒裝的考查 (2)作先行詞時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的考查
on occasion(s)偶爾，有時(shí)
on one occasion曾經(jīng)，有一次
on this/that occasion在這個(gè)/那個(gè)時(shí)候
on no occasion絕不，不會(huì)
occasional adj.偶爾的，間或發(fā)生的
occasionally adv.有時(shí)，偶爾
It is an occasion for all the family to celebrate.
這是個(gè)值得舉家慶祝的時(shí)刻。
What do they say when they meet on a formal occasion?
在正式場(chǎng)合見(jiàn)面的時(shí)候，他們要說(shuō)什么?
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
語(yǔ)法填空
(1)I call on my parents on occasion.
(2)On no occasion should you do such a thing like that.
(3)I can remember very few occasions when he had to ask for leave because of ill health.
2. celebration n.慶祝;慶典(a speciallyorganized event to celebrate..
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 祝賀類(lèi)寫(xiě)作高頻詞匯
in celebration of為慶賀……
celebrate sth.慶祝……
congratulate sb./oneself on sth.因……向某人/自己慶賀
Congratulations!祝賀!恭喜!
Usually，no matter how far away or how busy we are，we will try to return home for the celebration.
通常不管我們多么遠(yuǎn)，多么忙，我們都努力回家來(lái)慶祝這一節(jié)日。(遼寧·書(shū)面表達(dá))
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
語(yǔ)法填空
(1)The old couple held a party to celebrate(celebrate) their fiftieth wedding anniversary last week.
(2)I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.
(3)Celebrating/To celebrate(celebrate) Christmas is their custom.
(4)I congratulated myself on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.
3. power n.能力;力量;權(quán)力;動(dòng)力
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 在諺語(yǔ)中的應(yīng)用
come to/into power掌權(quán);上臺(tái)
in one’s power在某人的掌控中
beyond/out of one’s power某人不能勝任的，超出某人能力的
do all in one’s power盡力而為
As the saying goes，knowledge is power.
俗話(huà)說(shuō)，知識(shí)就是力量。
She is said to have the power to foresee the future.
據(jù)說(shuō)她有預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)的能力。
She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great power and influence.
她采訪(fǎng)了6名身居高位，并且頗具影響力的女士。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
(1)語(yǔ)法填空
①The president is the most powerful(power) man in America.
②They have invented a new car，which is powered(power) by solar batteries.
(2)He told her that he would do everything in his power to prove that he was the man for her.
①He told her that he would do what he could to prove that he was the man for her.(改為含有what從句的復(fù)合句)
②He told her that he would do his best to prove that he was the man for her.(用do one’s best改寫(xiě)句子)
4. destroy v.摧毀，毀滅;破壞(damage...badly
destroy one’s health有害健康
destroy one’s career/hopes毀滅某人的事業(yè)/毀掉希望
cause/do damage to對(duì)……造成破壞
The fire destroyed most of the building.
大火把這座建筑物幾乎燒毀了。
All hopes of a peaceful settlement were destroyed by his speech.
和平解決的希望都被他的講話(huà)給毀了。
Failure was slowly destroying him.
失敗漸漸地把他毀了。
[詞義辨析] destroy，damage
(1)destroy表示毀滅性的破壞，多指無(wú)法修復(fù)。
(2)damage指不同程度的損害、毀壞;作名詞時(shí)，表示“損害”。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
(1)用destroy，damage的適當(dāng)形式填空
①The bridge was destroyed by the flood.
②The strong sandstorm damaged most of the young trees.
(2)語(yǔ)法填空
①Smoking destroying(destroy) his health，he is quite weak now.
②His hope destroyed(destroy)，he felt helpless.
5. decorate v.裝飾;裝修
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 場(chǎng)所介紹類(lèi)寫(xiě)作高頻詞匯
decorate...with...用……裝飾……
decoration n.裝飾;裝修;裝飾品
The hall is decorated with flowers.
大廳里擺放著鮮花。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
語(yǔ)法填空
(1)With its simple decoration(decorate)，the main bedroom is a peaceful heaven.
(2)He decorated his room with pictures of all his favorite sports figures.
6. serve v.服侍……進(jìn)餐;服役;供職于;服務(wù);用作
serve sth.to sb.=serve sb.sth.給某人端上……
serve the people為人民服務(wù)
serve as當(dāng)作;作為
at the service of sb.=at one’s service聽(tīng)……差遣;隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備為……做事
server n.服務(wù)器;侍者
Who will serve lunch to us/serve us lunch?
誰(shuí)招待我們吃午飯?
The company said it would focus on making more competitive servers，storage and networking gear，as well as analytic software.
該公司說(shuō)，它將專(zhuān)注于生產(chǎn)更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的服務(wù)器、存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備和聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備，以及分析軟件。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
(1)When the news came that the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army(去部隊(duì)服役).
(2)She ushered(引導(dǎo)) me into the front room，which served as(用作) her office.
(3)We are at your service(隨時(shí)為你服務(wù)).Don’t hesitate to turn to us if you have any further problems.
7. apply vt.&vi.涂(put or spread sth.onto a surface);應(yīng)用(use);使用;申請(qǐng)(make a request);涉及(concern，relate)
apply vt.&vi.涂(put or spread sth.onto a surface);應(yīng)用(use);使用;申請(qǐng)(make a request);涉及(concern，relate)
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 申請(qǐng)類(lèi)寫(xiě)作高頻詞匯
apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申請(qǐng)某物
apply to適合
apply sth.to sth.把某物應(yīng)用(涂抹)于……
apply oneself to (=be applied to)(doing)sth.致力于/集中精力于……
application n.申請(qǐng);報(bào)名;適用
applicant n.申請(qǐng)者;應(yīng)征者;報(bào)名者
Apply some medicine to his wound.
給他的傷口上點(diǎn)藥吧。
What you said doesn’t apply to me.
你所說(shuō)的并不適合我。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
(1)用apply的適當(dāng)形式填空
①The new technology，if applied to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.
②His application for membership of the organization was rejected.
③If the applicant is not a true candidate for the job，do not interview him.
(2)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
①Applying yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)
②Applied to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)
8. attend v.出席，參加(be present);照料，護(hù)理(take care of);處理，對(duì)付(deal with)
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 其高級(jí)詞匯是be present at
attend school/class/church上學(xué)/上課/做禮拜
attend on/upon sb.伺候某人;照顧某人
attend to sb./sth.處理;傾聽(tīng);照料;專(zhuān)心;注意
Thousands of people attended the ceremony.
數(shù)千人參加了慶典。
They will not attend the Olympic Winter Games.
他們不會(huì)出席本屆冬奧會(huì)。
The main thing is to attend to the injured.
首要任務(wù)是照顧傷者。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
用attend短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)—Would you like to join us in the game?
—I’m afraid not，for I have something important to attend to.
(2)I’m staying at home tonight to attend on/to my father.
9. contribute v.捐獻(xiàn);捐助(give money or goods to...);是……的原因之一(be one of the causes of sth.);貢獻(xiàn);投稿(write...for...)
contribute v.捐獻(xiàn);捐助(give money or goods to...);是……的原因之一(be one of the causes of sth.);貢獻(xiàn);投稿(write...for...)
[多詞一義] contribute to，result in，be responsible for，bring about，lead to，cause
contribute...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……
contribute to(=result in/lead to)有助于;導(dǎo)致
make a contribution/contributions to對(duì)……作出貢獻(xiàn)
He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.
他在這次討論中提出很多好的想法。
Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?
你愿意為醫(yī)院建設(shè)基金捐款嗎?
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
(1)同義句改寫(xiě)
Various factors contributed to his downfall.
Various factors resulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused his downfall.
(2)In a discussion group，it’s very important that everyone contributes(每個(gè)人都貢獻(xiàn)) whatever’s in their minds.
10. link v.& n.關(guān)聯(lián);聯(lián)系;關(guān)系
link...to/with把……連接起來(lái)
be linked to/with和……有聯(lián)系
link up連接起來(lái)
Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了吸煙和心臟病之間的關(guān)系。
Television stations around the world are linked by satellites.
全世界的電視臺(tái)通過(guò)衛(wèi)星聯(lián)系在一起。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
語(yǔ)法填空
(1)Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders.
(2)The newspapers have linked his name with hers.
(3)The two spacecraft will link up with each other in orbit.
11. seriously adv.認(rèn)真地;真誠(chéng)地
take...seriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待
be serious about對(duì)……嚴(yán)肅
I want people who take responsibility seriously.
我想招的是那些嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待責(zé)任的人。
I’m afraid I’m not a very serious person.
恐怕我不是一個(gè)非常嚴(yán)肅的人。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
(1)It was a question which deserved serious consideration(認(rèn)真考慮).
(2)He was serious about(認(rèn)真對(duì)待) the matter.
12. mess n.臟或亂的狀態(tài);弄亂，弄臟
in a mess一片混亂
make a mess of把……弄亂
mess up把……弄糟
messy adj.雜亂的
When he returned home，he found everything in a terrible mess.
他回到家以后，發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都亂糟糟的。
Don’t mess up the house while I am gone.
我不在的時(shí)候別把房子里弄得亂糟糟的。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
語(yǔ)法填空
(1)Mei began being upset and wondered why everything was in a mess.
(2)As the work tends to be a bit messy(mess)，you’ll need to wear old clothes.
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1. burn down把……燒毀;漸漸燒完
burn...to the ground把……燒成平地
be burned/burnt out耗盡體力，累垮
be burning to do sth.熱切盼望做某事
The village was burned to the ground during the war.
這個(gè)村莊在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間被燒得精光。
By the age of 25 she was completely burned out and retired from the sport.
她到25歲時(shí)就已體力耗盡，退出了體壇。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
He is eager to tell us his great success.
He is burning to tell us his great success.(用burn短語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)
2. take part in參與;參加
for one’s part就某人來(lái)說(shuō)
for the most part(=mostly)多半;通常
in part部分地
play a part in參加;對(duì)……起作用
part with賣(mài)掉;放棄;出讓
A good listener takes part in the conversation，offering ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
一個(gè)好的傾聽(tīng)者要參與進(jìn)對(duì)話(huà)中，出主意、提問(wèn)題，使得談話(huà)流暢進(jìn)行。
Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was that it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
狄更斯喜歡他自己的小說(shuō)《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》的部分原因是小說(shuō)創(chuàng)作非常貼近他本人的.真實(shí)生活。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
選擇方框內(nèi)的短語(yǔ)填空
for the most part，in part，part with，play a part in
(1)All this may play a part in the war on terrorism.
(2)He naturally didn’t want to part with his house.
(3)His success is in part owing to luck.
(4)The students are，for the most part，from villages.
3. depend on/upon依靠，依賴(lài)，指望(=rely/count on/upon)
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 交際用語(yǔ)It/That depends的考查
[多詞一義] depend on，rely on，count on
depend on sb.to do...依靠某人做……
depending on取決于……
depend on it that...指望……;相信……
It/That (all) depends.視情況而定。
The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potato.
所需的烹飪時(shí)間取決于土豆的大小。
He depended on his writing for his income.
他靠寫(xiě)作賺取收入。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
You can depend on him to help you.
(1)You can depend on it that he will help you.(用it作形式賓語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)
(2)You can depend on his helping you.(用動(dòng)名詞改寫(xiě)句子)
4. on time準(zhǔn)時(shí);按時(shí)
in time及時(shí)
in no time立即，馬上
at no time決不
at a time一次
at one time曾經(jīng);一度
keep time走得準(zhǔn);合拍
kill time消磨時(shí)間,
for the time being暫時(shí)
ahead of time提前
take one’s time別著急
Even if one makes a mistake，correcting mistakes in time is a good thing.
即使犯了錯(cuò)，及時(shí)改正也是一件好事。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
用time的短語(yǔ)填空
(1)At no time did I feel they were being unreasonable.
(2)I want to be home in time for tea.
(3)You’d better do one thing at a time，so that you can concentrate on it.
(4)At one time，that kind of thing would have made me really angry.
5. put up建造，搭建;舉起;留宿;提高;張貼;提出(意見(jiàn)等
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 熟詞新義的考查
put away把……收起來(lái)，放好;儲(chǔ)存
put back放回原處;耽擱
put down放下;寫(xiě)下，記下;鎮(zhèn)壓
put up with忍受，忍耐
put on穿上;上演
In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain.
在第一幅畫(huà)中，一個(gè)男子正努力把一面橫幅標(biāo)語(yǔ)掛在一棵被樹(shù)樁包圍的樹(shù)上，但沒(méi)有成功。(江蘇·書(shū)面表達(dá))
Tall buildings have been put up，including classrooms，laboratory buildings and a library.
包括教室、實(shí)驗(yàn)樓和圖書(shū)館在內(nèi)的許多大樓已經(jīng)建起來(lái)了。(福建·書(shū)面表達(dá))
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
寫(xiě)出下列句子中put up的漢語(yǔ)意思
(1)She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.張貼
(2)Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高
(3)I was soaked before I could put my umbrella up.舉起
(4)Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London?留宿
(5)It was Clare who first put up the idea of a concert to raise money for the school.提出
(6)John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，搭建
6. carry on (with) 繼續(xù);堅(jiān)持
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] “carry+副詞”類(lèi)語(yǔ)境詞義辨析
carry away拿走;沖走;吸引住
carry back將……送/帶回原地;使某人記起
carry off贏得;獲得
carry out執(zhí)行;實(shí)施;履行;完成
carry through達(dá)成;貫徹;使渡過(guò)難關(guān)
Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇氣激發(fā)了他繼續(xù)生活和工作的意愿。
She was yelling and screaming and carrying on.
她又喊又叫，嘴里說(shuō)個(gè)不停。
[夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)]
用carry短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)Carry on with your work and try to get it finished while I’m away.
(2)The first thing to be done is to carry away the earth.
(3)Police say they believe the last week’s attacks were carried out by nationalists.
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